periodontal histology

What are the components of the periodontium?

The periodontium is composed of four main components:
1. Gingiva: This is the part of the oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. It is divided into marginal, attached, and interdental gingiva.
2. Periodontal Ligament (PDL): This is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that essentially attach a tooth to the alveolar bone. The PDL is rich in collagen fibers and contains fibroblasts, blood vessels, and nerve endings.
3. Cementum: A calcified layer covering the root of the tooth, it serves as an attachment site for the PDL fibers.
4. Alveolar Bone: This is the part of the jawbone that houses the tooth sockets, known as alveoli, and supports the teeth.

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