Cancer: Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells that can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Inflammation: The body's response to injury or infection, often resulting in redness, swelling, and pain. Degenerative Diseases: Conditions like osteoarthritis, where tissues degrade over time causing pain and loss of function. Autoimmune Diseases: Diseases such as lupus, where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.