reducing phototoxicity:

What are Some Advanced Techniques to Reduce Phototoxicity?

Light-Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM)
Light-Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy is a technique that illuminates the sample with a thin sheet of light, reducing the exposure time and intensity. This method is particularly useful for live imaging of thick tissues or whole organisms.
Two-Photon Excitation Microscopy
Two-Photon Excitation Microscopy uses two photons of longer wavelengths to excite fluorophores. This reduces phototoxic effects as the excitation occurs only at the focal point, minimizing damage to surrounding tissues.
Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy
Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy employs a disk with multiple pinholes to scan the sample quickly with reduced light intensity. This method is advantageous for live-cell imaging where minimizing phototoxicity is crucial.

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