DNA Methyltransferases (DNMTs) are enzymes responsible for adding methyl groups to DNA, specifically at the 5th carbon position of the cytosine ring, forming 5-methylcytosine. This process, known as DNA methylation, is a crucial epigenetic modification that impacts gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. DNMTs are key players in regulating various biological processes, including embryonic development, genomic imprinting, and X-chromosome inactivation.
