Optimize Fixation Choosing the right fixative and fixation time is critical. Common fixatives include formalin and glutaraldehyde, each with specific properties and applications. Ensure tissues are fixed promptly and adequately to preserve morphology and prevent degradation.
Use Enzyme Inhibitors To prevent endogenous enzymes from causing non-specific staining, use specific inhibitors or blocking agents. For example, hydrogen peroxide can be used to block endogenous peroxidase activity in immunohistochemistry.
Ensure Proper Dehydration and Clearing Follow a stepwise dehydration process, gradually increasing alcohol concentration to ensure complete removal of water. Use appropriate clearing agents to ensure tissues are free of alcohol before embedding in paraffin.
Minimize Artifacts Handle tissue samples with care to avoid introducing artifacts. Use clean, sharp instruments for sectioning, and ensure slides are free of dust and other contaminants before staining.
