Karl Fischer Titration relies on the reaction between iodine and water in the presence of sulfur dioxide and a base, typically imidazole or pyridine. The reaction can be summarized as follows:
Here, \(RN\) represents the base. The amount of iodine consumed in the reaction directly correlates with the water content in the sample. There are two main types of Karl Fischer Titration:
Volumetric Titration: Suitable for samples with higher water content, involves the addition of a titrant. Coulometric Titration: Ideal for low water content samples, generates iodine electrochemically.
