How Does Chronic Sun Exposure Lead to Skin Cancer?
Prolonged UV radiation exposure can cause significant DNA damage in skin cells, promoting the development of skin cancer. The two main types of UV radiation, UVA and UVB, can both induce mutations:
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): Often arising from the basal layer of the epidermis, BCC is the most common type of skin cancer. UV radiation can cause mutations in the PTCH1 gene, a key regulatory gene in cell growth. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): Originating from keratinocytes in the epidermis, SCC is linked to cumulative UV exposure. Mutations in the TP53 gene are commonly involved. Melanoma: This cancer arises from melanocytes and is the most dangerous form of skin cancer. Chronic sun exposure can cause mutations in the BRAF gene and other oncogenes.
