Myocytes exhibit remarkable adaptability in response to exercise. In skeletal muscle, regular resistance training leads to hypertrophy, an increase in the size of muscle fibers due to the addition of myofibrils. Endurance training enhances the oxidative capacity of the muscle by increasing the number of mitochondria and improving the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. Cardiac myocytes also adapt to regular aerobic exercise by increasing their size and improving the heart's overall efficiency. Smooth muscle cells can undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia, increasing in size and number in response to chronic stimuli such as high blood pressure.
