EGFR inhibitors function by binding to the EGFR protein, thereby preventing its activation. This action disrupts the signaling pathways that promote cell proliferation and survival. There are two main types of EGFR inhibitors: tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies. TKIs, such as erlotinib and gefitinib, bind to the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor, whereas monoclonal antibodies, like cetuximab, bind to the extracellular domain.
