The capacity for myelin regeneration varies between the CNS and PNS. In the PNS, Schwann cells can aid in the regeneration of damaged myelin. However, in the CNS, the regenerative ability is limited, partly due to the inhibitory environment and the reduced capacity of oligodendrocytes to remyelinate. Research into therapeutic strategies, including stem cell therapy and promoting the activity of endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, is ongoing to enhance myelin repair.
