Stratum oriens - Histology

What is the Stratum Oriens?

The stratum oriens is one of the distinct layers found in the hippocampus, particularly within the cornu ammonis (CA) regions. It is located beneath the stratum pyramidale, which contains the cell bodies of pyramidal neurons, and above the alveus, the white matter tract.

What is its Composition?

The stratum oriens is composed mainly of the basal dendrites of pyramidal cells, axons, and a variety of interneurons. It contains a mixture of glial cells, including astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which play supportive roles.

What are its Functions?

The stratum oriens plays a critical role in the hippocampal circuitry. It is involved in processing incoming and outgoing information within the hippocampus. The basal dendrites in this layer receive synaptic input from various sources, including other hippocampal regions and the cortex. The stratum oriens also contains axons of pyramidal cells that project to different parts of the brain, aiding in long-range communication.

How does it Interact with Other Layers?

The stratum oriens interacts closely with the stratum pyramidale and stratum radiatum. The basal dendrites in the stratum oriens extend into these layers to form synapses. This interaction is essential for the integration of synaptic inputs and the generation of action potentials in pyramidal neurons.

What are the Clinical Implications?

Changes or damage to the stratum oriens can have significant clinical implications. For example, in conditions like epilepsy, there may be alterations in the function and structure of this layer, affecting overall hippocampal function. Understanding the histological details of the stratum oriens can provide insights into various neurological disorders.

Current Research and Future Directions

Current research on the stratum oriens focuses on understanding its role in memory formation and spatial navigation. Advanced imaging techniques and molecular biology methods are being employed to study the specific types of neurons and synaptic connections within this layer. Future research aims to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which the stratum oriens contributes to hippocampal function and its potential role in therapeutic interventions.

Relevant Publications

Nanoarchitecture of Ca2.1 channels and GABA receptors in the mouse hippocampus: Impact of APP/PS1 pathology.

Issue Release: 2024

Histone methyltransferase SETD2 is required for proper hippocampal lamination and neuronal maturation.

Issue Release: 2024

Interneurons in the CA1 stratum oriens expressing αTTP may play a role in the delayed-ageing Pol μ mouse model.

Issue Release: 2024

Prenatal exposure to the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone disrupts hippocampal area CA2 connectivity and alters behavior in mice.

Issue Release: 2024

Loose patch clamp membrane current measurements in cornus ammonis 1 neurons in murine hippocampal slices.

Issue Release: 2024

Sex- and cycle-dependent changes in spine density and size in hippocampal CA2 neurons.

Issue Release: 2024

Single-cell quantitative expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA in rat hippocampal interneurons.

Issue Release: 2024

Iron Dysregulation in Alzheimer\'s Disease: LA-ICP-MS Bioimaging of the Distribution of Iron and Ferroportin in the CA1 Region of the Human Hippocampus.

Issue Release: 2024

A class-specific effect of dysmyelination on the excitability of hippocampal interneurons.

Issue Release: 2023

The Masticatory Activity Interference in Quantitative Estimation of CA1, CA3 and Dentate Gyrus Hippocampal Astrocytes of Aged Murine Models and under Environmental Stimulation.

Issue Release: 2023

Olanzapine Effects on Parvalbumin/GAD67 Cell Numbers in Layers/Subregions of Dorsal Hippocampus of Chronically Socially Isolated Rats.

Issue Release: 2023

Structural changes of CA1 pyramidal neurons after stroke in the contralesional hippocampus.

Issue Release: 2023

Direct Enhancement Effect of Hippocampal Cholinergic Neurostimulating Peptide on Cholinergic Activity in the Hippocampus.

Issue Release: 2023

[Visualization of the functional neural circuit breakdown process in a mouse model of Alzheimer\'s disease and application to the development of new therapies].

Issue Release: 2023

Multi-synaptic boutons are a feature of CA1 hippocampal connections in the stratum oriens.

Issue Release: 2023

A dual effect of dopamine on hippocampal LTP and cognitive functions in control and kindled mice.

Issue Release: 2023

Mapping the spatial transcriptomic signature of the hippocampus during memory consolidation.

Issue Release: 2023

Different modes of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptor alteration in the hippocampus of P301S tau transgenic mice.

Issue Release: 2022

Repeated Mild TBI in Adolescent Rats Reveals Sex Differences in Acute and Chronic Behavioral Deficits.

Issue Release: 2022

Alteration in the Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Organization of AMPA Receptors in the Hippocampus of P301S Tau Transgenic Mice.

Issue Release: 2022

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