Retrograde Transport - Histology

What is Retrograde Transport?

Retrograde transport refers to the movement of molecules and organelles from the periphery of a cell toward the cell body or nucleus. This process is essential for maintaining cellular function, especially in large cells like neurons, where materials need to be efficiently recycled.

Mechanisms of Retrograde Transport

Retrograde transport primarily involves motor proteins such as dyneins that move along microtubules. These motor proteins convert chemical energy into mechanical work, allowing for the transport of cargo toward the minus-end of microtubules, which is typically oriented toward the cell center.

Importance in Neuronal Cells

In neurons, retrograde transport is crucial for the recycling of synaptic vesicles and the transport of neurotrophic factors back to the cell body. This process is vital for neuron survival, as it ensures that growth factors reach the cell body to sustain cellular functions and promote neural health.

Role in Disease and Pathology

Disruptions in retrograde transport are linked to various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Impaired retrograde transport can lead to the accumulation of defective organelles and proteins, contributing to cellular dysfunction and death.

Methods to Study Retrograde Transport

Histological techniques such as immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy are commonly used to study retrograde transport. These methods allow for the visualization of motor proteins and transported cargo, providing insights into cellular dynamics and function.

Future Directions

Ongoing research aims to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying retrograde transport and its role in health and disease. Advances in live-cell imaging and genetic manipulation techniques hold promise for uncovering new therapeutic targets to treat disorders associated with retrograde transport dysfunction.

Relevant Publications

Inhibition of OSBP blocks retrograde trafficking by inducing partial Golgi degradation.

Issue Release: 2024

Globoside Is an Essential Intracellular Factor Required for Parvovirus B19 Endosomal Escape.

Issue Release: 2024

Exome-wide association study identifies KDELR3 mutations in extreme myopia.

Issue Release: 2024

Pathological evaluation of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Issue Release: 2024

γ-secretase facilitates retromer-mediated retrograde transport.

Issue Release: 2024

An initial HOPS-mediated fusion event is critical for autophagosome transport initiation from the axon terminal.

Issue Release: 2024

Herpes simplex virus type-1 cVAC formation in neuronal cells is mediated by dynein motor function and glycoprotein retrieval from the plasma membrane.

Issue Release: 2024

Axonal autophagic vesicle transport in the rat optic nerve in vivo under normal conditions and during acute axonal degeneration.

Issue Release: 2024

The PACS-2 protein and trafficking motifs in CCHFV Gn and Gc cytoplasmic domains govern CCHFV assembly.

Issue Release: 2024

Neural Tracing Protein-Functionalized Nanoparticles Capable of Fast Retrograde Axonal Transport in Live Neurons.

Issue Release: 2024

Spatiotemporal proteomic profiling of cellular responses to NLRP3 agonists.

Issue Release: 2024

Integrated modeling and simulation of recruitment of myocardial perfusion and oxygen delivery in exercise.

Issue Release: 2024

Real-time imaging of axonal membrane protein life cycles.

Issue Release: 2024

Multiple Labeling of Compartmentalized Cortical Neurons in Microfluidic Chambers.

Issue Release: 2024

Emerging roles of O-GlcNAcylation in protein trafficking and secretion.

Issue Release: 2024

Docking protein 6 (DOK6) selectively docks the neurotrophic signaling transduction to restrain peripheral neuropathy.

Issue Release: 2024

Tau depletion in human neurons mitigates Aβ-driven toxicity.

Issue Release: 2024

Microfluidic compartmentalization of rat vagal afferent neurons to model gut-brain axis.

Issue Release: 2024

Correction: Kennedy Epitope (KE)-dependent Retrograde Transport of Efficiently Cleaved HIV-1 Envelopes (Envs) and its Effect on Env Cell Surface Expression and Viral Particle Formation.

Issue Release: 2024

Efficient axonal transport of endolysosomes relies on the balanced ratio of microtubule tyrosination and detyrosination.

Issue Release: 2024

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