Functional MRI (fMRI) - Histology

What is Functional MRI (fMRI)?

Functional MRI (fMRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique that measures and maps brain activity. Unlike traditional MRI, which provides high-resolution images of brain structures, fMRI detects changes in blood oxygenation and flow that occur in response to neural activity. This is known as the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) contrast.

How Does fMRI Work?

fMRI works by detecting the differences in the magnetic properties of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. When a specific area of the brain is more active, it consumes more oxygen, and the local blood flow to that region increases. The fMRI scanner detects these changes, allowing researchers to map neural activity in real-time.

Applications of fMRI in Histology

While histology typically involves the microscopic examination of tissues, fMRI provides a macroscopic view of brain function. However, the two fields can complement each other. For instance, fMRI can identify regions of interest in the brain that are functionally active, and subsequent histological analysis can provide detailed cellular and molecular information about those regions. This integrated approach is particularly useful in understanding neurological disorders and in brain mapping studies.

Advantages of Using fMRI

Non-invasive and does not involve radiation exposure.
Provides real-time data on brain activity.
Can be used to study both healthy and diseased brains.
Combines well with other techniques such as electrophysiology and histopathology.

Limitations of fMRI

Relatively low spatial and temporal resolution compared to other imaging techniques.
Susceptible to motion artifacts, which can affect data quality.
Cannot provide direct information about cellular or molecular mechanisms.

Future Directions

Future advancements in fMRI technology aim to improve its resolution and reduce artifacts. Combining fMRI with advanced histological techniques, such as immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, can provide a more comprehensive understanding of brain function and pathology. Additionally, integrating fMRI data with genomic and proteomic information could offer new insights into the molecular underpinnings of brain activity.

Relevant Publications

Siamese Graph Convolutional Network quantifies increasing structure-function discrepancy over the cognitive decline continuum.

Issue Release: 2024

Resting-State Network Analysis Reveals Altered Functional Brain Connectivity in Essential Tremor.

Issue Release: 2024

The influence of wakefulness fluctuations on brain networks involved in centrotemporal spike occurrence.

Issue Release: 2024

Identifying the role of (dis)inhibition in the vicious cycle of substance use through ecological momentary assessment and resting-state fMRI.

Issue Release: 2024

Graph analysis uncovers an opposing impact of methylphenidate on connectivity patterns within default mode network sub-divisions.

Issue Release: 2024

Pseudo-Resting-State Functional MRI Derived from Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion MRI Can Predict Cognitive Impairment in Glioma.

Issue Release: 2024

Deep learning based diagnosis of PTSD using 3D-CNN and resting-state fMRI data.

Issue Release: 2024

Simultaneous Arterial Spin Labelling Functional MRI and Fluorodeoxyglucose PET in Mild Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury.

Issue Release: 2024

Neural activation signatures in individuals with subclinical depression: A task-fMRI meta-analysis.

Issue Release: 2024

Resting-state functional connectivity correlates of brain structural aging in schizophrenia.

Issue Release: 2024

Brain effect mechanism of lever positioning manipulation on LDH analgesia based on multimodal MRI: a study protocol.

Issue Release: 2024

Cerebellar functional connectivity relates to lower urinary tract function: A 7 Tesla study.

Issue Release: 2024

A systematic review of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies on the neurobiology of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Issue Release: 2024

Translation of monosynaptic circuits underlying amygdala fMRI neurofeedback training.

Issue Release: 2024

Multiscale Modes of Functional Brain Connectivity.

Issue Release: 2024

Comparative analysis of brain language templates with primary language areas detected from presurgical fMRI of brain tumor patients.

Issue Release: 2024

Brain representations of affective valence and intensity in sustained pleasure and pain.

Issue Release: 2024

Synaptic signaling modeled by functional connectivity predicts metabolic demands of the human brain.

Issue Release: 2024

Functional gradients reveal cortical hierarchy changes in multiple sclerosis.

Issue Release: 2024

Diabetic ketoacidosis with central nervous system involvement: Conventional and advanced magnetic resonance neuroimaging findings.

Issue Release: 2024

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