Bloom Richardson Grading - Histology

What is Bloom Richardson Grading?

Bloom Richardson Grading, also known as the Nottingham Grading System, is a histological grading system used primarily for evaluating breast cancer. It assesses the degree of differentiation and aggressiveness of cancerous cells within a tumor. This grading system helps in determining the prognosis and guiding treatment options for patients.

Why is Bloom Richardson Grading Important?

Grading plays a critical role in the management of breast cancer. It provides valuable information about the tumor's aggressiveness and helps in predicting the patient's outcome and response to therapy. By understanding the grade of the tumor, oncologists can tailor treatment plans more effectively.

What are the Components of Bloom Richardson Grading?

The Bloom Richardson Grading system evaluates three main histological features:

Tubule formation
Nuclear pleomorphism
Mitotic count

Each feature is scored on a scale of 1 to 3, with 1 indicating the most favorable outcome and 3 indicating the least favorable. The scores for each feature are then summed to produce a total score ranging from 3 to 9.

How is the Final Grade Determined?

The sum of the individual scores determines the overall grade of the tumor:

Grade 1 (Low grade): Total score 3-5
Grade 2 (Intermediate grade): Total score 6-7
Grade 3 (High grade): Total score 8-9

Grade 1 tumors are well-differentiated, Grade 2 tumors are moderately differentiated, and Grade 3 tumors are poorly differentiated. Higher grades are associated with more aggressive behavior and a poorer prognosis.

What is Tubule Formation?

Tubule formation refers to the extent to which the tumor cells form normal glandular structures. It is assessed by examining the proportion of the tumor that shows tubular (glandular) differentiation.

Score 1: >75% tubule formation
Score 2: 10-75% tubule formation
Score 3:

Relevant Publications

Tumor-Stroma Ratio in ER+/HER2- Breast Cancer: Is it a Tool for Treatment Decision?

Issue Release: 2023

Expression Patterns of ER, PR, HER-2/neu and p53 in Association with Nottingham Tumour Grade in Breast Cancer Patients.

Issue Release: 2023

Deep learning supported mitoses counting on whole slide images: A pilot study for validating breast cancer grading in the clinical workflow.

Issue Release: 2023

Correlative Evaluation of Seven Cytological 3-Tier Grading Systems of Breast Carcinoma with the Standard Histological Grading. A 4 And ½ Year Study.

Issue Release: 2023

Methods for Inclusive Underwriting of Breast Cancer Risk with Machine Learning and Innovative Algorithms.

Issue Release: 2023

Pathologically confirmed women\'s breast cancer: A descriptive study of Tunisian and Algerian series.

Issue Release: 2023

Peripheral Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), a cogent clinical adjunct for Ki-67 in breast cancer.

Issue Release: 2023

Cardiovascular Diseases Following Breast Cancer: Towards a Case-by-Case Assessment Through a Prediction Risk Score Model in 943 Patients.

Issue Release: 2022

Cytological Grading of Breast Carcinomas and Its Prognostic Implications.

Issue Release: 2022

Evaluation of Number Density of Tumor-Associated Macrophages by Immunohistochemistry and Semiquantitative Scoring in Invasive Breast Cancer: An Indian Study.

Issue Release: 2022

The Family Genes Expression in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Issue Release: 2021

The prognostic value of Piezo1 in breast cancer patients with various clinicopathological features.

Issue Release: 2021

Expression of Histo-blood Group Antigens in Tumor and Adjacent Normal Breast Tissues as Prognostic Markers of Breast Carcinoma.

Issue Release: 2020

Moderate Beer Consumption Modifies Tumoral Growth Parameters and Pyrrolidone Carboxypeptidase Type-I and Type-II Specific Activities in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Mammary Gland Axis in an Animal Model of Breast Cancer.

Issue Release: 2020

Utility of PHH3 in Evaluation of Mitotic Index in Breast Carcinoma and Impact on Tumor Grade.

Issue Release: 2020

Characterization of Kelch domain-containing protein 7B in breast tumours and breast cancer cell lines.

Issue Release: 2019

Expression and prognostic analyses of early growth response proteins (EGRs) in human breast carcinoma based on database analysis.

Issue Release: 2019

Cytological Grading of Breast Tumors-The Human and Canine Perspective.

Issue Release: 2019

FNAC of Breast Lesions with Special Reference to IAC Standardized Reporting and Comparative Study of Cytohistological Grading of Breast Carcinoma.

Issue Release: 2019

Convolutional neural network initialized active contour model with adaptive ellipse fitting for nuclear segmentation on breast histopathological images.

Issue Release: 2019

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