The liver performs a wide range of functions essential to maintaining homeostasis:
Detoxification – The liver metabolizes and detoxifies various endogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs and toxins. Metabolism – It plays a central role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The liver regulates blood glucose levels by storing glucose as glycogen and breaking it down when needed. Bile production – Hepatocytes produce bile, which is essential for the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Synthesis of plasma proteins – The liver synthesizes essential plasma proteins such as albumin and clotting factors. Storage – The liver stores vitamins and minerals, including vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12, and iron.
