How Do Genetic Mutations Contribute to Carcinogenesis?
Genetic mutations are central to carcinogenesis. Mutations in oncogenes can lead to the unchecked proliferation of cells, while mutations in tumor suppressor genes can result in the loss of growth inhibition. Additionally, defects in DNA repair genes can compromise the cell's ability to correct DNA errors, leading to an accumulation of mutations. These genetic alterations disrupt normal cellular functions and promote the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells.