Endothelial interactions - Histology

What are Endothelial Cells?

Endothelial cells form a monolayer lining the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. They play a crucial role in various physiological processes including the regulation of blood pressure, blood clotting, and immune function.

How do Endothelial Cells Interact with Blood Components?

Endothelial cells interact with blood components through a variety of mechanisms. They regulate the passage of leukocytes, platelets, and plasma proteins into tissues. This interaction is mediated by surface molecules such as selectins and integrins, which facilitate adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes.

What Role do Endothelial Cells Play in Inflammation?

During inflammation, endothelial cells express higher levels of adhesion molecules like ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, which attract circulating leukocytes to the site of inflammation. They also release cytokines and chemokines that further modulate the inflammatory response.

How Do Endothelial Cells Contribute to Angiogenesis?

Endothelial cells are key players in angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation. They respond to angiogenic factors such as VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) by proliferating and migrating to form new capillary networks. This process is crucial for wound healing and tissue regeneration.

What is the Blood-Brain Barrier and How Do Endothelial Cells Function in It?

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selective barrier formed by endothelial cells in the brain. These cells are tightly joined by tight junctions, restricting the passage of substances from the bloodstream into the brain. This barrier is essential for maintaining the brain's microenvironment and protecting it from toxins and pathogens.

How Do Endothelial Cells Maintain Vascular Homeostasis?

Endothelial cells maintain vascular homeostasis by producing vasoactive substances like nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin. NO induces vasodilation, improving blood flow, while endothelin causes vasoconstriction. The balance of these molecules is vital for regulating blood pressure and vascular tone.

What are the Implications of Endothelial Dysfunction?

Endothelial dysfunction is a pathological state characterized by a reduction in the production of NO and an increase in pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic factors. It is associated with various cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Early detection and treatment of endothelial dysfunction can help prevent these conditions.

Can Endothelial Cells Be Used in Therapeutic Applications?

Yes, endothelial cells have therapeutic potential. For instance, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can be used in regenerative medicine to repair damaged blood vessels. Additionally, targeting endothelial cells with drugs or genetic therapies can help treat diseases like cancer, where inhibiting angiogenesis can restrict tumor growth.

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Cardiovascular disease burden in patients with urological cancers: The new discipline of uro-cardio-oncology.

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Utility of Global Hemostatic Assays in Patients with Bleeding Disorders of Unknown Cause.

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A method for rapid and reliable quantification of VEGF-cell binding activity.

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The effect of the endothelial surface layer on cell-cell interactions in microvessel bifurcations.

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Immunocompetent Alveolus-on-Chip Model for Studying Alveolar Mucosal Immune Responses.

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Deciphering hepatoma cell resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: insights from a Liver-on-a-Chip model unveiling tumor endothelial cell mechanisms.

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Meningeal lymphatic supporting cells govern the formation and maintenance of zebrafish mural lymphatic endothelial cells.

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Integrating Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics to Uncover and Elucidate GP73-Mediated Pro-Angiogenic Regulatory Networks in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

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A biopsy-sized 3D skin model with a perifollicular vascular plexus enables studying immune cell trafficking in the skin.

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Engineered Nanofibrillar Collagen with Tunable Biophysical Properties for Myogenic, Endothelial, and Osteogenic Cell Guidance.

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Tetrahydroisoquinoline reduces angiogenesis by interacting myeloma cells with HUVECs mediated by extracellular vesicles.

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T cell receptor clonotype in tumor microenvironment contributes to intratumoral signaling network in patients with colorectal cancer.

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Single-cell transcriptomics reveals antigen-presenting capacity and therapeutic resistance potential of immunomodulatory endothelial cells in colorectal cancer.

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Identification of an 11-miRNA-regulated and surface-protein genes signature predicts the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma based on multi-omics study.

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Advanced three-dimensional in vitro liver models to study the activity of anticancer drugs.

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Bifunctional mesoporous glasses for bone tissue engineering: Biological effects of doping with cerium and polyphenols in 2D and 3D in vitro models.

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Analysis of mechanism of core points in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for epilepsy based on data mining.

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UHRF1 inhibition mitigates vascular endothelial cell injury and ameliorates atherosclerosis in mice via regulating the SMAD7/YAP1 axis.

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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cellular and molecular landscape of fetal cystic hygroma.

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Integrating bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq analyses revealed the function and clinical value of thrombospondins in colon cancer.

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